1977: Meaning (information, definition, explanation, facts)

Events

• January 1 - First woman Episcopal priest ordained
• January 18 - Scientists identify a previously unknown bacterium as the cause of the mysterious "legionnaire's disease."
• January 18 - Australia experiences its worst railway disaster at Granville, near Sydney, in which 83 people died.
• January 19 - President Gerald Ford pardons Iva Toguri D'Aquino (aka "Tokyo Rose").
• January 20 - Gerald Rudolph Ford, 38th President of the United States is succeeded by Jimmy Carter.
• January 21 - President Jimmy Carter pardons Vietnam War draft evaders.
• February 7 - The Soviet Union launches Soyuz 24.
• February 11 - A 20.2-kg lobster is caught off Nova Scotia (heaviest known crustacean).
• February 18 - The Space Shuttle Enterprise test vehicle goes on its maiden "flight" while sitting on top of a Boeing 747.
• March 1 - Sara Lowndes Dylan files for divorce from her husband of 11 years, Bob Dylan.
• March 4 - An earthquake in southern and eastern Europe kills more than 1,500.
• March 9 - Appoximetely a dozen armed Hanafi Muslims take over three buildings in Washington, DC, killing one person and taking more than 130 hostages. The hostage situation ends two days later.
• March 27 - Collision between KLM and PanAm Boeing 747's at Tenerife kills 583.
• April 7 - German Federal Prosecutor Siegfried Buback and his driver are shot by two Red Army Faction members while waiting at a red light
• April 7 - Toronto Blue Jays play their first-ever game of baseball against the Chicago White Sox
• May 23 - Scientists report using bacteria in lab to make insulin.
• May 28 - In Southgate, Kentucky, the Beverly Hills Supper Club is engulfed in fire, killing 165 inside.
• June 5 - A coup takes place in Seychelles.
• June 5 - The Apple II, the first practical personal computer, goes on sale.
• June 10 - James Earl Ray escapes from Brushy Mountain State Prison in Petros, Tennessee (he was recaptured on June 13).
• June 20 - The Supreme Court of the United States rules that states are not required to spend Medicaid funds on elective abortions.
• July 13 - The New York City Blackout of 1977 lasts for 25 hours and results in looting and other disorder.
• July 22 - The purged Chinese communist leader Deng Xiaoping is restored to power as the "Gang of Four" is expelled from the Communist Party of China.
• August 4 - US President Jimmy Carter signs legislation creating the United States Department of Energy.
• August 16 - Rock singer Elvis Presley dies in Tennessee.
• August 20 - Voyager program: The United States launches the Voyager 2 spacecraft.
• September 5 - Voyager program: Voyager 1 is launched after a brief delay.
• September 6 (approx) - Steve Biko suffers a massive head injury in police custody in South Africa.
• September 7 - Treaties between Panama and the United States on the status of the Panama Canal are signed. The US agrees to transfer control of the canal to Panama at the end of the 20th century.
• September 8 - INTERPOL releases copyright laws that govern the reproduction of video tapes & other material.
• September 11 - The last "wild" infection of smallpox is reported in Somalia.
• September 12 - Steve Biko dies of his injuries.
• September 21 - Nuclear-proliferation pact, curbing spread of nuclear weapons, is signed by 15 countries including the United States and USSR.
• September 28 - Porsche 928 debuts at the Geneva Auto Convention
• October 13 - Four Palestinians hijack a Lufthansa Airlines flight to Somalia and demand release of 11 members of the Red Army Faction.
• November 6 - The Kelly Barnes Dam, located above Toccoa Falls Bible College near Toccoa, Georgia, fails, killing 39.
• November 19 - Egyptian President Anwar Sadat becomes the first Arab leader to officially visit Israel when he meets with Israeli prime minister Menachem Begin and speaks before the Knesset in Jerusalem, seeking a permanent peace settlement (much of the Arab world was outraged by the visit).
• November 22 - British Airways inaugurates regular London to New York City supersonic Concorde service.
• December 4 - Jean-Bédel Bokassa, president of the Central African Republic, crowns himself Emperor.
• December 4 - A Malaysia Airlines Boeing 737 is hijacked and then blown up in mid-air over the Straits of Johore, killing 100.
• A collection of work by J. R. R. Tolkien, The Silmarillion, is published posthumously by his son Christopher Tolkien.
• Swedish music group ABBA passes The Beatles as having most records sold.
• 2060 Chiron, first of the outer solar system asteroids known as Centaurs, discovered by Charlie Kowal.
• Don Novello first appeared on Saturday Night Live.
• 2000 A.D. the UK sci-fi comic is launched, featuring Judge Dredd.

• 1977 in film
  • Annie Hall
  • The science fiction saga Star Wars, later renamed to Star Wars: Episode IV - A New Hope, makes its first outing to the cinema and makes George Lucas and the team at LucasArts a staggering $461 million.
  • John Travolta discoed in Saturday Night Fever.
  • In the Academy Awards, Peter Finch, Faye Dunaway and Beatrice Straight win Best Actor and Actress and Supporting Actress awards for Network.
  • Annie Hall picks up an Academy Award for Best Picture and All The President's Men wins Jason Robards the Supporting Actor and an Art Direction for George Jenkins and George Gaines.
• 1977 in literature
• 1977 in music
  • February 4 - Fleetwood Mac releases Rumours, which is a blockbuster album (recorded on March 3, 1976).
  • DJ Kool Herc classifies and introduces a new movement in America, calling it Hip hop.
  • The Talking Heads release their debut album, .
• 1977 in sports
  • May 29 - Janet Guthrie becomes the first woman to qualify for the Indianapolis 500.
  • Creation of the WilliamsF1 Formula One racing team by Frank Williams.
  • October 1 - Football (soccer) legend Pelé plays the last game of his storied career, a friendly match between his current team, the New York Cosmos, and his old Brazilian club Santos, at Giants Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey. Pelé played the first half for the Cosmos and the second half for Santos.
• 1977 in television
  • May 10 - South Africa has television service for the first time.
  • Sept. 15-CHiPs premiers on NBC.

• January 7 - Dustin Diamond, actor (Saved by the Bell)
• January 8 - Amber Benson, actress
• January 13 - Orlando Bloom, actor (, Troy)
• January 28 - Joey Fatone, musician
• February 2 - Shakira, Colombian pop singer
• February 8 - Yucef Merhi, Venezuelan artist
• February 11 - Jessica Carlson, United States archer
• February 11 - Stephanie Richardson, Canadian swimmer
• February 13 - Randy Moss, NFL star
• February 16 - Ian Clarke, Freenet creator
• February 20 - Stephon Marbury, basketball player
• April 14 - Sarah Michelle Gellar, actress
• April 14 - Chandra Levy, intern at the Bureau of Prisons in Washington, DC.
• April 21 - Jamie Salé, figure skater
• April 24 - Carlos Beltran, baseball player
• May 13 - Samantha Morton, actress
• May 14 - Roy Halladay, baseball pitcher
• May 23 - Ilia Kulik, Russian figure skating champion
• June 1 - Danielle Harris, voice actress
• June 9 - Peja Stojakovic, Serbian NBA star
• June 16 - Kerry Wood, baseball pitcher
• June 27 - Raúl, Spanish football star
• July 1 - Jarome Iginla, NHL hockey player
• July 1 - Liv Tyler, actress
• July 8 - Wang Zhizhi, Chinese basketball player
• July 14 - Victoria, Princess of Sweden - Crown Princess of Sweden from 1980
• July 28 - Emanuel Ginobili, Argentine basketball player
• August 9 - Chamique Holdsclaw, WNBA basketball player
• August 15 - Igor Cassina, Italian gymnast
• August 17 - Thierry Henry, French football star
• August 27 - Deco, football player
• September 11 - Ludacris, rapper
• November 3 - Aria Giovanni, model and actress
• November 16 - Oksana Baiul, figure skater
• November 19 - Kerri Strug, gymnast
• December - Ahmed al-Nami, suspected terrorist
• December 3 - Adam Malysz, Polish ski jumper
• December 7 - Fernando Vargas, boxer
• December 30 - Laila Ali, boxer, daughter of Muhammad Ali

• January 14 - Anthony Eden, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
• January 14 - Peter Finch, actor
• January 14 - Anaïs Nin, author
• January 17 - Gary Gilmore, murderer (executed by firing squad)
• January 19 - Yvonne Printemps, singer, actress
• January 29 - Freddie Prinze, actor/comedian
• February 11 - Louis J M Beel, Dutch premier (1946-1948, 1958-1959).
• February 28 - Eddie 'Rochester' Anderson, actor
• March 16 - Kamal Jumblatt, leader of the Lebanese Druze
• March 18 - Marien Ngouabi, President of The Congo
• April 21 - Gummo Marx, actor, comedian, Marx Brothers (b. 1892)
• May 5 - Ludwig Erhard, German chancellor (1963-1966)
• May 10 - Joan Crawford, actress (b. 1904)
• June 19 - Lady Olave Baden-Powell, World Chief Guide
• June 19 - Ali Shariati, sociologist
• July 2 - Vladimir Nabokov, writer
• August 16 - Elvis Presley, singer, actor
• August 19 - Groucho Marx, comedian (b. 1890)
• September 1 - Ethel Waters, singer (b. 1896)
• September 10 - Hamida Djandoubi, last guillotine execution in France
• September 12 - South African activist Steve Biko dies in police custody.
• September 16 - Marc Bolan, rock star and glam rock pioneer
• September 16 - Maria Callas, opera singer
• October 14 - Bing Crosby, American singer and actor
• November 8 - Bucky Harris, Baseball Hall of Famer (b. 1896)
• November 15 - Princess Charlotte Louise Juliette Louvet Grimaldi of Monaco, mother of Reigning Prince Rainier III of Monaco
• November 25 - Tommy Prince, aboriginal Canadian war hero
• December 25 - Charlie Chaplin, comedian, star of silent film

• Physics - Philip Warren Anderson, Sir Nevill Francis Mott, John Hasbrouck van Vleck
• Chemistry - Ilya Prigogine
• Medicine - Roger Guillemin, Andrew V. Schally, Rosalyn Yalow
• Literature - Vicente Aleixandre
• Peace - Amnesty International
• Economics - Bertil Ohlin, James Meade

For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album).