January 9: Meaning (information, definition, explanation, facts)

January 9 is the 9th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 356 days remaining (357 in leap years).

Events

• 1349 - The Jewish population of Basel, Switzerland is rounded up and incinerated, believed by the residents to be the cause of the ongoing bubonic plague.
• 1431 - The trial of Joan of Arc begins in Rouen, the seat of the English occupation government.
• 1760 - Afghans defeat Marathas in Battle of Barari Ghat.
• 1768 - Philip Astley stages the first modern circus (London).
• 1788 - Connecticut becomes the fifth state to join the United States.
• 1793 - Jean-Pierre Blanchard becomes the first to fly in a balloon in the United States.
• 1806 - Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson is buried in St. Paul's Cathedral.
• 1839 - The French Academy of Sciences announces the Daguerreotype photography process.
• 1857 - Fort Tejon earthquake, with an estimated magnitude of 7.9.
• 1858 - Anson Jones, final President of the Republic of Texas commits suicide.
• 1861 - American Civil War: The "Star of the West" incident. (Considered by some to be the "First Shots of the American Civil War.")
• 1861 - Mississippi becomes the second state to secede from the Union, preceding the American Civil War.
• 1863 - American Civil War: Battle of Fort Hindman.
• 1878 - Humbert I becomes King of Italy.
• 1880 - The Great Gale of 1880 devastates parts of Oregon and Washington with high wind and heavy snow.
• 1882 - Oscar Wilde gives his first lecture on "The English Renaissance of Art" in New York.
• 1894 - New England Telephone and Telegraph installs the first battery-operated telephone switchboard in Lexington, Massachusetts.
• 1900 - S.S. Lazio is founded in Rome, Italy.
• 1903 - Hallam Tennyson, 2nd Baron Tennyson, son of the famous poet Alfred Tennyson, becomes the second Governor-General of Australia.
• 1905 - According to the Julian Calendar which was used at the time, Russian workers stage a march on the Winter Palace that ends in the massacre by Czarist troops known as Bloody Sunday, setting off the Russian Revolution of 1905.
• 1912 - Marines invade Honduras.
• 1916 - The Ottoman Empire prevails in the Battle of Çanakkale, as the last British troops are evacuated.
• 1917 - World War I: Battle of Rafa.
• 1923 - Juan de la Cierva makes first autogiro flight.
• 1929 - The Seeing Eye is established with the mission to train dogs to assist the blind (Nashville, Tennessee).
• 1937 - The first issue of Look magazine goes on sale in the United States.
• 1945 - The United States invades Luzon in the Philippines.
• 1951 - United Nations headquarters officially opens in New York City.
• 1956 - First "Dear Abby" column appears in newspapers.
• 1960 - Construction of the Aswan Dam begins in Egypt.
• 1962 - The NFL prohibits grabbing face masks.
• 1964 - Several Panamanian youths try to put up the Panamanian flag on the US-controlled Panama Canal Zone, during the fight the Panama flag is torn, setting off four days of fighting between US armed forces and civillian panamanians around the country. This day is known as Martyrs' Day.
• 1972 - RMS Queen Elizabeth is destroyed by fire (Hong Kong harbor).
• 1977 - Super Bowl XI: Oakland Raiders defeat Minnesota Vikings, 32-14.
• 1984 - Clara Peller is featured in the "Where's the Beef?" commercial campaign for Wendy's Restaurants for the first time.
• 1986 - After losing a patent battle with Polaroid, Kodak leaves the instant camera business.
• 1989 - The Sega Genesis is released in New York, New York and Los Angeles, California.
• 1991 - The Soviets storm Vilnius to stop Lithuanian independence.
• 1995 - Valeri Poliakov completes 366 days in space while aboard the Mir space station, breaking a duration record.
• 1996 - Sun Microsystems announces the formation of JavaSoft.
• 1997 - A Comair Embraer 120 crashes during approach into Detroit Metro Airport, killing 29.
• 1999 - After nearly 16 years of operation, the Horizons pavilion at Walt Disney World's Epcot closes permanently. It is razed more than a year later to make way for the new Mission: SPACE attraction.
• 2002 - The United States Department of Justice announces it is going to pursue a criminal investigation of Enron.
• 2005 - Elections are held to replace Yasser Arafat.
• 2006 - Howard Stern airs first broadcast on Sirius Satellite Radio.

• 1554 - Pope Gregory XV (d. 1623)
• 1571 - Karel Bonaventura Buquoy, French soldier (d. 1621)
• 1589 - Ivan Gundulic, Croatian poet (d. 1638)
• 1624 - Empress Meisho of Japan (d. 1696)
• 1685 - Tiberius Hemsterhuis, Dutch philologist (d. 1766)
• 1728 - Thomas Warton, English poet (d. 1790)
• 1790 - Per Daniel Amadeus Atterbom, Swedish poet (b. 1790)
• 1811 - Gilbert Abbott à Beckett, English writer (d. 1856)
• 1823 - Johannes Friedrich August von Esmarch, German surgeon (d. 1908)
• 1829 - Thomas William Robertson, English playwright (d. 1871)
• 1829 - Adolf von Schlagintweit, German explorer (d. 1857)
• 1854 - Jennie Jerome, American society beauty (d. 1921)
• 1856 - Anton Aškerc, Slovenian priest and poet (d. 1912)
• 1864 - Vladimir Steklov, Russian mathematician (d. 1926)
• 1868 - S. P. L. Sørensen, Danish chemist (d. 1939)
• 1870 - Joseph B Strauss, American civil engineer (d. 1938)
• 1873 - Hayyim Nahman Bialik, Ukrainian poet and translator (d. 1934)
• 1875 - Gertrude Whitney, American sculptor (d. 1942)
• 1879 - John Broadus Watson, American behaviorist psychologist (d. 1958)
• 1881 - Lascelles Abercrombie, British poet and critic (d. 1938)
• 1881 - Giovanni Papini, Italian writer (d. 1956)
• 1890 - Karel Čapek, Czech writer (d. 1938)
• 1890 - Kurt Tucholsky, German journalist, writer, satirist, and social critic (d. 1935)
• 1892 - Eva Bowring, American politician (d. 1985)
• 1897 - Karl Löwith, German philosopher (d. 1973)
• 1898 - Vilma Banky, Hungarian actress (d. 1991)
• 1898 - Gracie Fields, English vaudeville performer (d. 1979)
• 1899 - Alexander Tcherepnin, Russian composer (d. 1977)
• 1901 - Chic Young, cartoonist (d. 1973)
• 1902 - Rudolph Bing, Austrian-born opera manager (d. 1997)
• 1902 - Josemaría Escrivá, Spanish religious author (d. 1975)
• 1904 (O. S.)- George Balanchine, Russian dancer, choreographer, and ballet producer (d. 1983)
• 1908 - Simone de Beauvoir, French author (d. 1986)
• 1912 - Ralph Tubbs, British architect
• 1913 - Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United States (d. 1994)
• 1914 - Kenny (Klook) Clarke, American jazz drummer and composer (d. 1985)
• 1915 - Fernando Lamas, Argentine actor (d. 1982)
• 1916 - Vic Mizzy, American orchestra leader
• 1916 - Peter Twinn, English mathematician and World War II code-breaker (d. 2004)
• 1917 - Herbert Lom, Czech actor
• 1920 - Clive Dunn, British actor
• 1922 - Har Gobind Khorana, Indian biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• 1922 - Ahmed Sékou Touré, President of Guinea (d. 1984)
• 1925 - Lee Van Cleef, American actor (d. 1989)
• 1928 - Judith Krantz, American author
• 1928 - Domenico Modugno, Italian singer and songwriter
• 1929 - Heiner Muller, German dramatist (d. 1995)
• 1929 - Dorothea Puente, American serial killer
• 1931 - Algis Budrys, American author
• 1931 - Paul Mantee, American actor
• 1932 - Robert P. Casey, American politician (d. 2000)
• 1934 - Bart Starr, American football player
• 1935 - Bob Denver, American actor (d. 2005)
• 1935 - Dick Enberg, American sportscaster
• 1936 - Anne Rivers Siddons, American writer
• 1940 - Jimmy Boyd, American actor, singer
• 1940 - Barbara Buczek, Polish composer (d. 1993)
• 1940 - Ruth Dreifuss, Swiss politician
• 1941 - Joan Baez, American singer and activist
• 1942 - K Callan, American actress
• 1942 - Susannah York, British actress
• 1944 - Jimmy Page, English guitarist (Led Zeppelin)
• 1950 - David Johansen American singer (New York Dolls)
• 1950 - Rio Reiser, German singer (d. 1996)
• 1951 - Crystal Gayle, American singer
• 1952 - Hugh Bayley, British politician
• 1955 - J. K. Simmons, American actor
• 1956 - Kimberly Beck, American actress
• 1956 - Imelda Staunton, British actress
• 1958 - Mehmet Ali Ağca, Turkish attempted assassin of Pope John Paul II
• 1959 - Mark Martin, NASCAR driver
• 1959 - Rigoberta Menchú, Guatemalan writer, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
• 1959 - Cristi Minculescu, Romanian musician
• 1959 - Otis Nixon, American Major League Baseball player
• 1963 - Michael Everson, American expert in writing systems and Unicode
• 1965 - Eric Erlandson, American musician (Hole)
• 1965 - Joely Richardson, British actress
• 1965 - Darren Bennett, Australian-born National Football League punter
• 1967 - Claudio Caniggia, Argentinian footballer
• 1967 - Steven Harwell, American singer and musician (Smash Mouth)
• 1967 - Dave Matthews, South African-born American singer and musician
• 1967 - Carl Bell, American musician (Fuel)
• 1968 - Jimmy Adams, West Indian cricketer
• 1970 - Alex Staropoli, Italian keyboard player (Rhapsody)
• 1975 - Angela Bettis, American actress
• 1978 - Chad Johnson, American football player
• 1978 - AJ McLean, American singer (Backstreet Boys)
• 1980 - Sergio García, Spanish golfer

• 1283 - Wen Tianxiang, Chinese prime minister (executed) (b. 1236)
• 1499 - Johann Cicero, elector of Brandenburg (b. 1455)
• 1514 - Anna, Duchess of Brittany, queen of Charles VIII of France (b. 1477)
• 1543 - Guillaume du Bellay, French diplomat and general (b. 1491)
• 1562 - Amago Haruhisa, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1514)
• 1571 - Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon, French naval officer (b. 1510)
• 1598 - Jasper Heywood, English translator (b. 1553)
• 1757 - Bernard le Bovier de Fontenelle, French scientist and man of letters (b. 1657)
• 1677 - Aernout van der Neer, Dutch cartoonist and painter (b. 1603)
• 1766 - Thomas Birch, British historian (b. 1705)
• 1799 - Maria Gaetana Agnesi, Italian scientist (b. 1718)
• 1800 - Jean Étienne Championnet, French general (b. 1762)
• 1805 - Noble Jones, American Continental Congressman (b. 1723)
• 1848 - Caroline Herschel, German-born astronomer (b. 1750)
• 1858 - Anson Jones, 5th and last President of Texas (suicide) (b. 1798)
• 1873 - Emperor Napoleon III of France (b. 1808)
• 1876 - Samuel Gridley Howe, American abolitionist (b. 1801)
• 1878 - King Victor Emmanuel II of Italy (b. 1820)
• 1895 - Aaron Lufkin Dennison, American watch manufacturer (b. 1812)
• 1901 - Richard Copley Christie, English scholar (b. 1830)
• 1908 - Wilhelm Busch, German painter (b. 1832)
• 1908 - Abraham Goldfaden, Russian-born actor (b. 1840)
• 1911 - Edwin Arthur Jones, American composer (b. 1853)
• 1918 - Émile Reynaud, French scientist (b. 1844)
• 1923 - Katherine Mansfield, New Zealand writer (b. 1888)
• 1936 - John Gilbert, American actor (b. 1899)
• 1939 - Johann Strauss III, Austrian conductor (b. 1866)
• 1946 - Countee Cullen, American poet (b. 1903)
• 1947 - Karl Mannheim, German sociologist (b. 1893)
• 1961 - Emily Greene Balch, American writer and pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1867)
• 1971 - Elmer Flick, baseball player (b. 1876)
• 1972 - Ted Shawn, American dancer (b. 1891)
• 1975 - Pierre Fresnay, French actor (b. 1897)
• 1981 - Kazimierz Serocki, Polish composer (b. 1922)
• 1984 - Wolfgang Staudte, German director (b. 1906)
• 1985 - Robert Mayer, British businessman and philanthropist (b. 1879)
• 1987 - Marion Hutton, American singer (b. 1919)
• 1987 - Arthur Lake, American actor (b. 1905)
• 1990 - Spud Chandler, baseball player (b. 1907)
• 1992 - Bill Naughton, British playwright (b. 1910)
• 1993 - Svetoslav Roerich, Russian painter (b. 1904)
• 1994 - Johnny Temple, baseball player (b. 1927)
• 1995 - Peter Cook, British actor. satirist, writer, and comedian (b. 1937)
• 1995 - Souphanouvong, President of Laos (b. 1909)
• 1997 - Edward Osobka-Morawski, Prime Minister of Poland (b. 1909)
• 1997 - Jesse White, American actor (b. 1917)
• 1998 - Kenichi Fukui, Japanese chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (1918)
• 2000 - Nigel Tranter, Scottish historian and author (b. 1909)
• 2003 - Will McDonough, American sports journalist (b. 1935)
• 2005 - Gonzalo Gavira, Mexican film sound technician (b. 1925)
• 2006 - Andy Caldecott, Australian pilot, died after a crash in Paris Dakar Rally (b. 1964)

• 1788 - Ratification Day in Connecticut.
• 1822 - "I Will Stay" Day, when the portuguese prince Pedro decided to stay in Brazil against the orders of the Portugal king João VI, starting the Brazilian independence process.
• 1964 - Memorial day of Patriotic Panamanians for the Panama Canal (Martyrs' Day/Dia de los Martires).
• Roman Catholic - Feast of Saint Adrian
• Eastern Orthodox - Feast of Saint Theophan the Recluse.
• Philippines - Feast of the Black Nazarene in Quiapo district, Manila.

January 8 - January 10 - December 9 - February 9 — listing of all days