Josef Frantisek: Meaning (information, definition, explanation, facts)

Sergeant Josef František, October 7 1913 - October 8 1940) was a Czech fighter pilot, a flying ace of the Polish Air Force of the World War II.

Josef Frantisek joined the Czechoslovak airforce in 1936. In 1938 he became a fighter pilot, serving in the 40th squadron in Prague. After Czechoslovakia fell under German occupation (March 15, 1939) he escaped to Poland, like many other Czechoslovak airmen. Most of them then left Poland for France, but Frantisek with a few fellows decided to stay and join the Polish Air Force to fight with the Germans.

During the Polish September Campaign in 1939, after the German attack on Poland, Frantisek flew reconnaissance missions in an unarmed training plane. On September 19 and 20 he even threw hand grenades on enemy columns. On September 20 he was shot down, but was saved by the Polish crew landing nearby under fire. On September 22, Frantisek was ordered to withdraw with the remaining aircraft of his unit to Romania. Like most Polish airmen, he managed to flee from an internment camp in Romania and broke through to France in October 1939.

In France, Frantisek decided to stay with the Poles, instead of joining the Czechoslovak airforce (a possible cause was a conflict with one Czech officer, trying to arrest him). It is not clear if he was combat flying in France, or if he shot down any aircraft there. It was suggested, but there are no official French documents to confirm it.

After a fall of France, Frantisek got to Britain and was assigned to the 303 Polish Squadron, basing in Northolt and flying on Hawker Hurricane fighters. The squadron entered action in the last phase of the Battle of Britain. The first confirmed victory of Sgt Frantisek was a German Bf 109E fighter on September 2, 1940. During a following month, he shoot down 17 German aircraft and 1 probable, becoming the best allied fighter pilot of the whole Battle of Britain. Many times he fought against more numerous enemy. His last victory was on September 30, 1940.

On October 8, 1940, Frantisek's Hurricane crashed in Ewell,Surrey, during a patrol. The reasons of the crash are not explained, but according to some theories, he may have been making aerobatic figures. He was buried on a Polish military cemetery. He was awarded with several decorations, among others Virtuti Militari 5th class and Distinguished Flying Medal with Bar, as the first foreigner.

External links:

• Sergeant Josef Frantisek - The Battle of Britain Hero
• Biography