July 22: Meaning (information, definition, explanation, facts)

22 July is the 203rd day (204th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 162 days remaining.

Events

• 1298 - Battle of Falkirk - Edward I (Longshanks) of England and his longbowmen defeat William Wallace and his scottish schiltrons outside the town.
• 1499 - Battle of Dornach - The Swiss decisively defeat the Imperial army of Emperor Maximilian I.
• 1587 - Colony of Roanoke: A second group of English settlers arrive on Roanoke Island off of North Carolina to re-establish the deserted colony.
• 1793 - Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Pacific Ocean becoming the first Euro-American to complete a transcontinental crossing north of Mexico.
• 1796 - Surveyors of the Connecticut Land Company name an area in Ohio "Cleveland" after Gen. Moses Cleaveland, the superintendent of the surveying party.
• 1805 - Napoleonic Wars: War of the Third Coalition - inconclusive battle of Cape Finisterre fought between a combined French and Spanish fleets under Admiral Pierre-Charles Villeneuve of Spain and a British fleet under Admiral Robert Calder.
• 1812 - Napoleonic Wars: Peninsular War - Battle of Salamanca - British forces led by Arthur Wellesley (later the Duke of Wellington) defeat French troops near Salamanca, Spain.
• 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Atlanta - Outside of Atlanta, Georgia, Confederate General John Bell Hood leads an unsuccessful attack on Union troops under General William T. Sherman on Bald Hill.
• 1908 - Albert Fisher establishes the Fisher Body Company to manufacture carriage and automobile bodies.
• 1916 - In San Francisco, California, a bomb explodes on Market Street during a Preparedness Day parade killing 10 and injuring 40.
• 1933 - Wiley Post becomes first person to fly solo around the world traveling 15,596 miles in 7 days, 18 hours and 45 minutes.
• 1934 - Outside Chicago's Biograph Theatre, "Public Enemy No. 1" John Dillinger is mortally wounded by FBI agents.
• 1937 - New Deal: The United States Senate votes down President Franklin D. Roosevelt's proposal to add more justices to the Supreme Court of the United States.
• 1942 - The United States government begins compulsory civilian gasoline rationing due to the wartime demands.
• 1942 - Holocaust: The systematic deportation of Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto begins.
• 1943 - Allied forces capture the Italian city of Palermo.
• 1944 - The Polish Committee of National Liberation publishes its manifesto, starting the period of Communist rule in Poland
• 1946 - King David Hotel bombing: Irgun bombs King David Hotel in Jerusalem, headquarters of the British civil and military administration, killing 90.
• 1962 - Mariner program: Mariner 1 spacecraft flies erratically several minutes after launch and has to be destroyed.
• 1977 - Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping is restored to power.
• 1991 - Serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer is arrested after the remains of 11 men and boys are found in his Milwaukee apartment.
• 1992 - Near Medellín, Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar escapes from his luxury prison fearing extradition to the United States.
• 1997 - The second Blue Water Bridge opens between Port Huron, Michigan and Sarnia, Ontario.
• 2002 - Israel assassinates Salah Shahade, the Commander-in-Chief of Hamas's military arm, Ezzedeen-al-qassam Brigades, along with 14 civilians.
• 2003 - Members of 101st Airborne of the United States, aided by Special Forces, attack a compound in Iraq, killing Saddam Hussein's sons Uday and Qusay, along with Mustapha Hussein, Qusay's 14-year old son, and a bodyguard.
• 2005 - A man is shot dead by police as the hunt begins for the London Bombers. See 7 July 2005 London bombings and 21 July 2005 London bombings
• 2005 - Microsoft releases the final name for its next-gen operating system, Longhorn. The name will be "Windows Vista".

• 1210 - Joan of England, queen of Alexander II of Scotland (d. 1238)
• 1478 - King Philip I of Castile (d. 1506)
• 1510 - Alessandro de' Medici, Duke of Florence (d. 1537)
• 1519 - Pope Innocent IX (d. 1591)
• 1535 - Katarina Stenbock, queen of Gustav I of Sweden (d. 1621)
• 1559 - Lawrence of Brindisi, Italian monk (d. 1619)
• 1621 - Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, English politician (d. 1683)
• 1711 - Georg Wilhelm Richmann, Russian physicist (d. 1753)
• 1713 - Jacques-Germain Soufflot, French architect (d. 1780)
• 1733 - Mikhail Shcherbatov, Russian philosopher and writer (d. 1790)
• 1784 - Friedrich Bessel, German mathematician and astronomer (d. 1846)
• 1822 - Gregor Mendel, Austrian geneticist (d. 1884)
• 1844 - William Archibald Spooner, English priest and scholar (d. 1930)
• 1859 - Emma Lazarus, American poet (d. 1887)
• 1882 - Edward Hopper, American painter (d. 1967)
• 1887 - Gustav Ludwig Hertz, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1975)
• 1888 - Selman Waksman, Ukrainian-born biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1973)
• 1893 - James Whale, English film director (d. 1957)
• 1898 - Stephen Vincent Benét, American author (d. 1943)
• 1898 - Alexander Calder, American artist (d. 1976)
• 1905 - Doc Cramer, baseball player (d. 1990)
• 1908 - Amy Vanderbilt, American author on etiquette (d. 1974)
• 1913 - Gorni Kramer, Italian bandleader and songwriter
• 1916 - Marcel Cerdan, French boxer (d. 1949)
• 1921 - William Roth, U.S. Senator (d. 2003)
• 1923 - Bob Dole, U.S. Senator from Kansas and Presidential candidate
• 1923 - Mukesh, Indian singer (d. 1976)
• 1924 - Margaret Whiting, singer
• 1928 - Orson Bean, American film actor
• 1932 - Oscar De la Renta, Dominican-born fashion designer
• 1934 - Louise Fletcher, American actress
• 1936 - Tom Robbins, American author
• 1939 - Terence Stamp, English actor
• 1940 - Alex Trebek, Canadian-born game show host
• 1941 - George Clinton, American musician
• 1941 - Ron Turcotte, Canadian jockey
• 1943 - Kay Bailey Hutchison, U.S. Senator from Texas
• 1944 - Estelle Bennett, American singer (Ronettes)
• 1944 - Rick Davies, British musician (Supertramp)
• 1944 - Sparky Lyle, baseball player
• 1946 - Mireille Mathieu, French singer
• 1946 - Stephen M. Wolownik, Russian musician (d. 2000)
• 1947 - Albert Brooks, American comedian
• 1947 - Danny Glover, American actor
• 1947 - Don Henley, American drummer, singer, and songwriter (Eagles)
• 1948 - S.E. Hinton, American author
• 1948 - Otto Waalkes, German comedian
• 1949 - Alan Menken, American composer
• 1949 - Lasse Virén, Finnish athlete
• 1954 - Lonette McKee, American actress
• 1954 - Al Di Meola, American guitarist
• 1955 - Willem Dafoe, American actor
• 1961 - Keith Sweat, American singer
• 1964 - Patrick Labyorteaux, American actor
• 1964 - John Leguizamo, Colombian actor
• 1964 - David Spade, American actor, comedian, and producer
• 1965 - Shawn Michaels, American professional wrestler
• 1966 - Tim Brown, American football player
• 1970 - Jason Becker, American Musician
• 1971 - Kristine Lilly, American soccer player
• 1972 - Keyshawn Johnson, American football player
• 1973 - Mike Sweeney, baseball player
• 1973 - Rufus Wainwright, American singer and songwriter
• 1974 - Daddy Kev, American record producer and engineer
• 1974 - Franka Potente, German actress
• 1978 - Dennis Rommedahl, Danish footballer
• 1980 - Scott Dixon, New Zealand race car driver
• 1980 - Dirk Kuyt, Dutch football striker
• 1983 - Shelby Belle, Canadian actress
• 1986 - Thomas Grätzl, German politician

• 1362 - Louis of Durazzo, Italian soldier (poisoned) (b. 1324)
• 1387 - Franz Ackerman, Flemish statesman (b. 1330)
• 1461 - King Charles VII of France (b. 1403)
• 1525 - Richard Wingfield, English diplomat
• 1619 - Lawrence of Brindisi, Italian monk (b. 1559)
• 1645 - Gaspar de Guzmán y Pimentel, Count-Duke of Olivares, Spanish statesman (b. 1587)
• 1676 - Pope Clement X (b. 1590)
• 1713 - Jacques-Germain Soufflot, French architect (d. 1780)
• 1734 - Peter King, 1st Baron King, Lord Chancellor of England
• 1789 - Joseph-François Foulon, French administrator (executed) (b. 1715)
• 1802 - Marie François Xavier Bichat, French anatomist (b. 1771)
• 1826 - Giuseppe Piazzi, Italian astronomer (b. 1746)
• 1832 - Emperor Napoleon II of France (b. 1811)
• 1852 - Auguste Marmont, French marshal (b. 1774)
• 1904 - Wilson Barrett, English actor (b. 1846)
• 1908 - William Randal Cremer, English politician and pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1828)
• 1916 - James Whitcomb Riley, American author and poet (b. 1849)
• 1922 - Jokichi Takamine, Japanese chemist (b. 1854)
• 1932 - Errico Malatesta, Italian anarchist (b. 1853)
• 1932 - Florenz Ziegfeld, theatrical producer (b. 1867)
• 1934 - John Dillinger, American bank robber (shot) (b. 1903)
• 1950 - William Lyon Mackenzie King, tenth Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1874)
• 1958 - Mikhail Zoshchenko, Russian writer (b. 1895)
• 1967 - Carl Sandburg, American poet (b. 1878)
• 1974 - Wayne Morse, U.S. Senator from Oregon (b. 1900)
• 1979 - Sándor Kocsis, Hungarian footballer (b. 1929)
• 1989 - Martti Talvela, Finnish bass (b. 1935)
• 1990 - Manuel Puig, Argentinian writer (b. 1932)
• 1998 - Hermann Prey, German bass-baritone (b. 1929)
• 2000 - Eric Christmas, British actor (b. 1916)
• 2003 - Qusay Hussein, son of Saddam Hussein (b. 1966)
• 2003 - Uday Hussein, son of Saddam Hussein (b. 1964)
• 2003 - Wahome Muthahi, Kenyan humourist
• 2004 - Sacha Distel, French singer (b. 1933)
• 2004 - George Kidd, Canadian diplomat (b. 1917)
• 2005 - Jean Charles de Menezes, Brazilian electrician (shot) (b. 1978)

• Saint Mary Magdalene
• Swaziland - Birthday of former King Sobhuza II
• Pi Approximation Day
• Ratcatcher's Day. See:The Pied Piper of Hamelin.

21 July - 23 July - 22 June - 22 August -- listing of all days