This is a list of the major figures of the ideology of Communism who are so self-identified. It does not include figures of Evolutionary Socialism or Anarcho-socialism, who also accepted some of Marx's tenets. For a broader list of all socialists, see List of socialists.
- Salvador Allende (1908-1973, Chile)
- Yuri Andropov (1914-1984, USSR)
- Maurice Bishop (1944-1983, Grenada)
- Leonid Brezhnev (1906-1982, USSR)
- Nikolai Bukharin (1888-1938, USSR)
- Fidel Castro (1926-, Cuba)
- Nicolae Ceausescu (1918-1989, Romania)
- Konstantin Chernenko (1911-1985, USSR)
- Pushpa Kamal Dahal (b. ?, Nepal)
- Deng Xiaoping (1904-1997, PRC)
- Friedrich Engels (1820-1895, Germany)
- Mikhail Gorbachev (1930-, USSR)
- Antonio Gramsci (1891-1937, Italy)
- Che Guevara (1928-1967, Argentina)
- Abimael Guzmán (1934-, Peru)
- Erich Honecker (1912-1994, GDR)
- Enver Hoxha (1908-1985, Albania)
- Ho Chi Minh (1890-1969, Vietnam)
- Hu Jintao (1942-, PRC)
- Jiang Zemin (1926-, PRC)
- Nikita Khrushchev (1894-1971, USSR)
- Kim Il-sung (1912-1994, DPRK)
- Kim Jong-il (1942-, DPRK)
- Béla Kun (1886-1939, Hungary)
- Vladimir Lenin (1870-1924, USSR)
- Daniel De Leon (1852-1914, USA)
- Rosa Luxemburg (1870-1919, Germany)
- Mao Tse-tung (1893-1976, PRC)
- Karl Marx (1818-1883, Germany)
- Abdullah Öcalan (1949-, Turkey)
- Joe Slovo (1926-1995, South Africa)
- Joseph Stalin (1879-1953, USSR)
- Ernst Thälmann (1886-1944, Germany)
- Josip Broz Tito (1892-1980, SFRY)
- Palmiro Togliatti (1893-1964, Italy)
- Leon Trotsky (1879-1936, USSR)
- Gennady Zyuganov (1944-, Russian Federation)
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