March 9: Meaning (information, definition, explanation, facts)

March 9 is the 68th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (69th in Leap years). There are 297 days remaining.

Events

• 1276 - Augsburg becomes an Imperial Free City
• 1765 - After a public campaign by the writer Voltaire, judges in Paris posthumously exonerate Jean Calas of murdering his son. Calas had been tortured and executed in 1762 on the charge, though his son had actually committed suicide.
• 1796 - Napoléon Bonaparte marries his first wife, Joséphine de Beauharnais.
• 1841 - The Supreme Court of the United States rules in the Amistad case, concerning captive Africans who seized control of the slave-trading ship carrying them: the court rules that they had been taken into slavery illegally.
• 1842 - Giuseppe Verdi's third opera Nabucco premieres in Milan; its success establishes Verdi as one of Italy's foremost opera writers.
• 1847 - Mexican-American War: United States forces under General Winfield Scott invade Mexico near Vera Cruz.
• 1862 - American Civil War: The first battle between two ironclad warships - In a five-hour battle near Hampton Roads, Virginia the USS Monitor fights the CSS Virginia to a draw.
• 1908 - Inter Milan was founded
• 1916 - Pancho Villa leads 1,500 Mexican raiders in an attack against Columbus, New Mexico, killing 17.
• 1924 - Italy annexes Fiume.
• 1932 - The Egyptian University rector "Ahmed Lotfy El-Said" resigned to protest against the transfer of Dr.Taha Hussein without the University permission. On 2003, an academic group called "march 9" was established in Egypt to defend academic rights and university independence.
• 1933 - Great Depression: The U.S. Congress begins its first 100 days of enacting New Deal legislation. President Franklin D. Roosevelt submits the Emergency Banking Act to Congress.
• 1945 - World War II: Bombing of Tokyo - American B-29 bombers attack Tokyo, Japan with incendiary bombs. The resulting fire storm kills over 100,000 people.
• 1954 - McCarthyism: CBS television broadcasts the See It Now episode, "A Report on Senator Joseph McCarthy," produced by Edward R. Murrow.
• 1957 - Aleutian Islands register a 9.1 magnitude earthquake
• 1959 - The Barbie doll debuts.
• 1964 - The first Ford Mustang rolls off the assembly line at Ford Motor Company.
• 1967 - Josef Stalin's daughter Svetlana Alliluyeva defects to the United States.
• 1975 - Construction of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System begins.
• 1976 - 42 people die in a Cavalese cable-car disaster, the worst cable-car accident to date.
• 1977 - Approximately a dozen armed Hanafi Muslims take over three buildings in Washington, DC, killing one person and taking more than 130 hostages. The hostage situation ends two days later.
• 1986 - United States Navy divers find the largely intact but heavily-damaged crew compartment of the Space Shuttle Challenger. The bodies of all seven astronauts were still inside.
• 1987 - Rock band U2 release the album The Joshua Tree.
• 1989 - A strike forces financially-troubled Eastern Airlines into bankruptcy.
• 1990 - Dr. Antonia Novello is sworn in as Surgeon General of the United States, becoming the first female and Hispanic American to serve in that position.
• 1990 - Newfoundland and Labrador Premier Clyde Wells confirms he will rescind Newfoundland's approval of the Meech Lake Accord, effectively killing the Accord.
• 1991 - Massive demonstrations are held against Slobodan Milošević in Belgrade. Two people are killed and tanks are in the streets.
• 1993 - Rodney King testifies at the federal trial of four Los Angeles, California police officers accused of violating King's civil rights when they beat him during an arrest.
• 1995 - Kappa Phi Lambda is founded at Binghamton University.
• 2004 - John Allen Muhammad is sentenced to death for his part in the Beltway sniper attacks of October 2002. Lee Boyd Malvo is sentenced to life in prison.
• 2004 - A terrorist attack on a restaurant in Istanbul kills one and injures 5.
• 2004 - The US federal building and courthouse in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, was renamed the Ronald Reagan Federal Building and Courthouse.
• 2005 - Dan Rather presents his final broadcast of the CBS Evening News.

• 1213 - Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy, French crusader (d. 1271)
• 1285 - Emperor Go-Nijō of Japan (d. 1318)
• 1454 - Amerigo Vespucci, Italian explorer and cartographer (d. 1512)
• 1564 - David Fabricius, German astronomer (d. 1617)
• 1568 - Aloysius Gonzaga, Italian saint (d. 1591)
• 1629 - Tsar Alexis I of Russia (d. 1676)
• 1720 - Philip Yorke, 2nd Earl of Hardwicke, English politician (d. 1790)
• 1737 - Josef Mysliveček, Czech composer (d. 1781)
• 1749 - Honore Mirabeau, French writer and politician (d. 1791)
• 1753 - Jean-Baptiste Kleber, French general (d. 1800)
• 1758 - Franz Joseph Gall, German neuroscientist (d. 1828)
• 1763 - William Cobbett, English journalist and author (d. 1835)
• 1814 - Taras Shevchenko, Ukrainian poet (d. 1861)
• 1825 - Alexander F. Mozhaiski, Russian aviation pioneer (d. 1890)
• 1839 - Phoebe Knapp, American hymn writer (d. 1908)
• 1856 - Eddie Foy, American singer and dancer (d. 1928)
• 1887 - Phil Mead, English cricketeer (d. 1958)
• 1890 - Vyacheslav Molotov, Russian politician (d. 1986)
• 1892 - Vita Sackville-West, English writer and gardener (d. 1962)
• 1900 - Howard Aiken, American computing pioneer (d. 1973)
• 1902 - Will Geer, American actor (d. 1978)
• 1907 - Mircea Eliade, Romanian historian of religions and writer (d. 1986)
• 1910 - Samuel Barber, American composer (d. 1981)
• 1918 - George Lincoln Rockwell, American Nazi leader (d. 1967)
• 1918 - Mickey Spillane, American writer
• 1923 - Walter Kohn, Austrian-born physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
• 1929 - Desmond Hoyte, Prime Minister and President of Guyana (d. 2002)
• 1932 - Keely Smith, American singer
• 1933 - Mel Lastman, Canadian politician
• 1934 - Yuri Gagarin, Soviet cosmonaut (d. 1968)
• 1936 - Tom Sestak, American football player (d. 1987)
• 1937 - Mickey Gilley, American musician and singer
• 1940 - John Cale, Welsh composer and musician
• 1940 - Raúl Juliá, Puerto Rican actor (d. 1994)
• 1941 - Ernesto Miranda, American litigant (d. 1976)
• 1943 - Bobby Fischer, American chess player
• 1943 - Charles Gibson, American television journalist
• 1945 - Dennis Rader, American serial killer
• 1947 - Keri Hulme, New Zealand writer
• 1948 - Jeffrey Osborne, American singer
• 1950 - Doug Ault, baseball player (d. 2004)
• 1950 - Danny Sullivan, American race car driver
• 1951 - Michael Kinsley, American journalist and editor
• 1954 - Bobby Sands, Irish republican (d. 1981)
• 1960 - Linda Fiorentino, American actress
• 1963 - Sean Salisbury, American football player
• 1963 - Terry Mulholland, American baseball player
• 1964 - Juliette Binoche, French actress
• 1965 - Antonia Saca, Salvadoran politician
• 1965 - Brian Bosworth, American football player
• 1965 - Benito Santiago, Puerto Rican baseball player
• 1968 - Johnny Kelly, American drummer (Type O Negative)
• 1971 - Emmanuel Lewis, American actor
• 1971 - C Miller, American rapper
• 1972 - Kerr Smith, American actor
• 1972 - Spencer Howson, Australian radio broadcaster
• 1973 - Aaron Boone, American baseball player
• 1975 - Roy Makaay, Dutch footballer
• 1975 - Juan Sebastián Verón, Argentine footballer
• 1977 - Radek Dvořák, Czech hockey player
• 1978 - Lucas Neill, Australian footballer
• 1979 - Melina Perez, WWE Diva
• 1980 - Chingy, American rapper
• 1981 - Antonio Bryant, American football player
• 1987 - Bow Wow, American rapper and actor

• 1202 - King Sverre of Norway
• 1440 - St Frances of Rome, Italian nun (b. 1384)
• 1566 - David Rizzio, Italian secretary of Mary I of Scotland (b. 1533)
• 1649 - James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton, Scottish statesman (b. 1606)
• 1649 - Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland, English soldier (executed) (b. 1590)
• 1661 - Jules Cardinal Mazarin, French cardinal and statesman (b. 1602)
• 1709 - Ralph Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu, English diplomat
• 1808 - Joseph Bonomi the Elder, architect (b. 1739)
• 1851 - Hans Christian Ørsted, Danish physicist (b. 1777)
• 1897 - Sondre Norheim, Norwegian skier (b. 1825)
• 1937 - Paul Elmer More, American critic and essayist (b. 1864)
• 1954 - Eva Ahnert-Rohlfs, German astronomer (b. 1912)
• 1954 - V. Walfrid Ekman, Swedish oceanographer (b. 1874)
• 1964 - Paul Erich von Lettow-Vorbeck, German general (b. 1870)
• 1974 - Earl Wilbur Sutherland Jr., American physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1915)
• 1983 - Faye Emerson, American actress (b. 1917)
• 1983 - Ulf von Euler, Swedish physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1905)
• 1989 - Robert Mapplethorpe, American artist (b. 1946)
• 1992 - Menachem Begin, Prime Minister of Israel, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1913)
• 1993 - C. Northcote Parkinson, British historian and writer (b. 1909)
• 1994 - Charles Bukowski, American writer (b.1920)
• 1996 - George Burns, American actor and singer (b. 1896)
• 1997 - The Notorious B.I.G., American rapper (b. 1972)
• 2000 - Ivo Robić, Croatian singer and songwriter (b 1923)
• 2003 - Stan Brakhage, American filmmaker (b. 1933)
• 2003 - Bernard Dowiyogo, President of Nauru (b. 1946)
• 2004 - Albert Mol, Dutch actor (b.1917)
• 2004 - Robert Pastorelli, American actor (b. 1954)
• 2005 - István Nyers, Hungarian footballer (b. 1924)

• Catholicism - Feast day of St Frances of Rome.
• Belize - Baron Bliss Day
• United Kingdom - National No Smoking Day

March 8 - March 10 - February 9 - April 9 -- Listing of all days