October 22: Meaning (information, definition, explanation, facts)

October 22 is the 295th day of the year (296th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 70 days remaining.

Events

• 362 - The temple of Apollo at Daphne, outside of Antioch, is destroyed in a mysterious fire.
• 1383 - The 1383-1385 Crisis in Portugal: A period of civil war and disorder began when King Fernando died without a male heir to the Portuguese throne.
• 1575 - Foundation of Aguascalientes.
• 1746 - The College of New Jersey (later renamed Princeton University) receives its charter.
• 1797 - One thousand meters (3,200 feet) above Paris, Andre-Jacques Garnerin makes the first recorded parachute jump.
• 1836 - Sam Houston is inaugurated as the first President of the Republic of Texas.
• 1844 - The Great Disappointment: the second coming of Jesus and the end of the World failed to take place, despite the predictions of William Miller, disillusioning many adherents of Millerism.
• 1878 - The first rugby match under floodlights takes place in Salford, between Broughton and Swinton.
• 1883 - The Metropolitan Opera House in New York City opens with a performance of Gounod's Faust (opera).
• 1907 - Panic of 1907: A run on Knickerbocker Trust Company stock sets events in motion that will lead to a depression.
• 1910 - Dr. Crippen is convicted at the Old Bailey of poisoning his wife and was subsequently hanged at Pentonville Prison in London.
• 1924 - Toastmasters International is founded.
• 1934 - In East Liverpool, Ohio, notorious bank robber Pretty Boy Floyd is shot and killed by Federal Bureau of Investigation agents.
• 1943 - Kassel: RAF conducts an air raid on the city of 236,000 people, killing 10,000, rendering 150,000 homeless. Second firestorm raid in Germany
• 1953 - Laos gains independence from France.
• 1956 - A concrete girder weighing 200 tons kills 48 in Karachi, Pakistan.
• 1957 - Vietnam War: First United States casualties in Vietnam.
• 1960 - Ed Yost makes the first free flight of a modern hot-air balloon Bruning, Nebraska.
• 1962 - Cuban Missile Crisis: US President John F. Kennedy announces that American spy planes have discovered Soviet nuclear weapons in Cuba, and that he has ordered a naval "quarantine" of the island nation.
• 1964 - Jean-Paul Sartre is awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature, but turns down the honor.
• 1964 - Canada: A Multi-Party Parliamentary Committee selects the design which becomes the new official Flag of Canada.
• 1966 - The Supremes become the first all-female music group to attain a No. 1 selling album (The Supremes A' Go-Go).
• 1968 - Apollo program: Apollo 7 safely splashes down in the Atlantic Ocean after orbiting the Earth 163 times.
• 1969 - Led Zeppelin release the classic album Led Zeppelin II, featuring the hit single "Whole Lotta Love."
• 1972 - Vietnam War: In Saigon, Henry Kissinger and South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu meet to discuss a proposed cease-fire that had been worked out between Americans and North Vietnamese in Paris. Thieu rejects the proposal and accused the United States of conspiring to undermine his regime
• 1975 - Gays in the military: US Air Force Tech Sergeant Leonard Matlovich, a decorated veteran of the Vietnam War, is given a general discharge after appearing in his Air Force uniform on the cover of Time magazine with the headline (printed in all uppercase) "I Am A Homosexual."
• 1976 - Red Dye No. 4 is banned by the US Food and Drug Administration after it is discovered that it causes tumors in the bladders of dogs. The dye is still used in Canada.
• 1981 - The United States Federal Labor Relations Authority votes to decertify the Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization for its strike the previous August.
• 1986 - U.S. President Ronald Reagan signs the Tax Reform Act of 1986 into law.
• 1987 - John Coolidge Adams's opera Nixon in China debuts at the Houston Grand Opera in Houston, Texas.
• 1989 - Jacob Wetterling is abducted in St. Joseph, Minnesota.
• 1999 - Maurice Papon, an official in the Vichy France government during World War II, is jailed for crimes against humanity.
• 2005 - Tropical Storm Alpha forms in the Atlantic Basin, making the 2005 Atlantic Hurricane Season the most active Atlantic hurricane season on record with 22 named storms.
• 2005 - Crash of Bellview Airlines Flight 210 in Nigeria kills all 117 on board.
• 2005 - The first phase of Transantiago, the new public transport system of Santiago de Chile is implemented.

• 1071 - William IX, Duke of Aquitaine and poet (d. 1126)
• 1197 - Emperor Juntoku of Japan (d. 1242)
• 1511 - Erasmus Reinhold, German astronomer and mathematician (d. 1553)
• 1592 - Gustaf Horn, Swedish soldier and politician (d. 1657)
• 1688 - Nadir Shah of Persia (d. 1747)
• 1689 - King John V of Portugal (d. 1750)
• 1729 - Johann Reinhold Forster, German botanist (d. 1798)
• 1770 - Thomas Seebeck, Baltic German physicist (d. 1831)
• 1809 - Volney E. Howard, American politician (d. 1889)
• 1811 - Franz Liszt, Hungarian composer (d. 1886)
• 1844 - Sarah Bernhardt, French actress (d. 1923)
• 1844 - Louis Riel, Canadian Metis Political Leader (d. 1885)
• 1865 - Kristjan Raud, Estonian painter (d. 1943)
• 1870 - Alfred Douglas, English partner of Oscar Wilde (d. 1945)
• 1881 - Clinton Davisson, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1958)
• 1887 - John Reed, American journalist (d. 1920)
• 1900 - James Hall, American actor
• 1903 - George Wells Beadle, American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1989)
• 1903 - Curly Howard, American actor and comedian (d. 1952)
• 1904 - Constance Bennett, American actress (d. 1965)
• 1907 - Jimmie Foxx, baseball player (d. 1967)
• 1913 - Bao Dai, Emperor of Vietnam (d. 1997)
• 1913 - Hans-Peter Tschudi, Swiss Federal Councilor (d. 2002)
• 1917 - Joan Fontaine, British actress
• 1919 - Doris Lessing, British writer
• 1920 - Timothy Leary, American writer and professor (d. 1996)
• 1921 - Georges Brassens, French singer (d. 1981)
• 1925 - Dory Previn, American songwriter
• 1929 - Lev Yashin, Russian footballer (d. 1990)
• 1936 - Bobby Seale, American civil rights activist
• 1938 - Derek Jacobi, English actor
• 1938 - Christopher Lloyd, American actor
• 1942 - Annette Funicello, American actress
• 1943 - Jan de Bont, Dutch film director
• 1943 - Catherine Deneuve, French actress
• 1945 - Leslie West, American musician
• 1946 - Kelvin MacKenzie, British media tycoon
• 1948 - Lynette Fromme, American attempted assassin of Gerald Ford
• 1949 - Stiv Bators, American musician (The Dead Boys) (d. 1990)
• 1949 - Arsène Wenger, English football manager
• 1952 - Jeff Goldblum, American actor
• 1959 - Arto Salminen, Finnish writer (d. 2005)
• 1963 - Brian Boitano, American figure skater
• 1964 - Drazen Petrovic, Croatian basketball player (d. 1993)
• 1965 - John Wesley Harding, American musician
• 1965 - Otis Smith, American football player
• 1966 - Valeria Golino, Italian actress
• 1967 - Rita Guerra, Portuguese singer
• 1968 - Shaggy, Jamaican musician
• 1973 - Ichiro Suzuki, Japanese baseball player
• 1985 - Zachary Hanson, American musician (Hanson)
• 1990 - Jonathan Lipnicki, American actor

• 741 - Charles Martel, leader of the Franks, grandfather of Charlemagne (b. 686)
• 1383 - King Fernando I of Portugal (b. 1345)
• 1565 - Jean, Vicomte d'Aguisy Grolier de Servieres, French bibliophile (b. 1479)
• 1613 - Pomponio Nenna, Italian composer
• 1625 - Kikkawa Hiroie, Japanese politician (b. 1561)
• 1674 - Gerbrand van den Eeckhout, Dutch painter (b. 1621)
• 1708 - Hermann Witsius, Dutch theologian (b. 1636)
• 1751 - William IV, Prince of Orange (b. 1711)
• 1755 - Elisha Williams, American rector of Yale College (b. 1694)
• 1792 - Guillaume Le Gentil, French astronomer (b. 1725)
• 1847 - Sahle Selassie, Negus of Shewa
• 1859 - Louis Spohr, German violinist and composer (b. 1784)
• 1891 - Ernst von Fleischl-Marxow, Austrian physiologist (b. 1846)
• 1906 - Paul Cezanne, French painter (b. 1839)
• 1917 - Bob Fitzsimmons, English boxer (b. 1863)
• 1918 - Myrtle Gonzalez, American film and stage actress (b. 1891)
• 1928 - Andrew Fisher, fifth Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1862)
• 1934 - Pretty Boy Floyd, American gangster (b. 1904)
• 1935 - Komitas, Armenian composer (b. 1869)
• 1973 - Pablo Casals, Catalan cellist and conductor (b. 1876)
• 1978 - John Riley, English poet (murdered) (b. 1937)
• 1979 - Nadia Boulanger, French composer and composition teacher (b. 1887)
• 1986 - Albert Szent-Györgyi, Hungarian physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1893)
• 1992 - Cleavon Little, American actor (b. 1939)
• 1995 - Sir Kingsley Amis, English writer (b. 1922)
• 1998 - Eric Ambler, English novelist (b. 1909)
• 2000 - Rodney Anoai, professional wrestler (b. 1966)
• 2002 - Queen Geraldina of the Albanians (b. 1915)
• 2005 - Arman, French-born artist (b. 1928)

• R.C. Saints - Saint Mary Salome; Philip, Severus, Eusebius, and Hermes of Heraclea; Donatus of Fiesole
• Also see October 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Anti Police Brutality Day

October 21 - October 23 - November 22 - September 22 – more historical anniversaries