Scaled Composites: Meaning (information, definition, explanation, facts)

Scaled Composites (often abbreviated as 'Scaled') was founded in 1982 in Mojave, California by famous aircraft designer Burt Rutan out of what used to be the Rutan Aircraft Factory. The company was founded to develop experimental aircraft, but now focuses on designing and developing concept craft and prototype fabrication processes for aircraft and other vehicles. It is known for interesting designs and for its use of non-metal, composite materials.

The company made a splash in April 2003 when it revealed that it was working on a privately funded spacecraft, in an attempt to win the Ansari X Prize for the first private, manned spaceflight. On the 17th December 2003, they announced the first supersonic aircraft flight by a privately funded company, after their SpaceShipOne experimental rocket plane made its first powered flight, reaching 68000 feet and 930mph (Mach 1.2). The craft was brought aloft by the White Knight carrier aircraft. On the same day, Paul Allen, one of the founders of Microsoft, confirmed publicly the rumors that he is the sponsor behind the SpaceShipOne venture.

On April 1, 2004, the U.S. Department of Transportation issued the company what it called the world's first license for a sub-orbital manned rocket flight. The license was approved by the Federal Aviation Administration's Office of Commercial Space Transportation, which has backed licenses for more than 150 commercial launches of unmanned launch vehicles in its 20 years, but never a license for manned flight on a sub-orbital trajectory. The Mojave Airport, operating part-time as Mojave Spaceport, is the launch point for SpaceShipOne. SpaceShipOne performed the first privately-funded human spaceflight on June 21 2004.

Rutan was probably best known for his Voyager aircraft, which his brother, Dick Rutan, and Jeana Yeager flew around the world without refueling, in 1986. However, SpaceShipOne arguably is his most admired achievement to date.

Scaled aircraft

• VarEze (?)
• Long-EZ (?)
• Variviggen (1972)
• Amsoil Racer (?)
• Grizzly (?)
• Solitaire (?)
• Model 40/74: Defiant (1978)
• Quickie (1978)
• Model 2000: Beechcraft Starship (1982)
• Voyager (1986)
• Model 133: ATTT (1987)
• Model 81: Catbird (1988)
• Model 143: Triumph (1988)
• Model 151: ARES (1990)
• Vantage (1996)
• Model 202: Boomerang (1996)
• V-Jet II (1997)
• X-38 (1998)
• Model 281: Proteus (1998)
• Model 309: Adam (?)
• Model 316: White Knight - Part of Tier One (2003)
• Model 318: SpaceShipOne - Part of Tier One (2003)
• Model 311: Virgin Atlantic GlobalFlyer (2004)
• Model 324: Scarab (?)
• Model 346: Pending, referenced by Rutan verbally, and relating to Tier One
• Predator (?)
• CM-44 UAV (?)
• AD-1 (?)
• Model 73: Fairchild twinjet (?)

Scaled Composites also designed the sail for the Stars & Stripes, the American entry for the 1988 America's Cup yacht race, as well as the PARLC, for the U.S. Navy.