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Encyclopedia: Ulysses S. Grant

After service in the Mexican-American War, an undistinguished peacetime military career, and a series of unsuccessful civilian jobs, Grant returned to service in 1861 at the outset of the Civil War and proved highly successful in training new recruits. His capture of Fort Henry and Fort Donelson in February 1862 marked the first major Union victories of the Civil War and opened up prime avenues of invasion to the South. Surprised and nearly defeated at Shiloh (April 1862), he fought back and took control of most of western Kentucky and Tennessee. His great achievement in 1862-63 was to seize control of the Mississippi River by defeating a series of uncoordinated Confederate armies and by capturing Vicksburg in July 1863. After a victory at Chattanooga in late 1863, Abraham Lincoln made him general-in-chief of all Union armies.

Grant was the first Union general in the war to initiate coordinated offensives across multiple theaters. While his subordinates Sherman and Sheridan marched through Georgia and the Shenandoah Valley respectively, Grant personally supervised the 1864 Overland Campaign against General Robert E. Lee's Army in Virginia. He employed a war of attrition against his opponent, conducting a series of large-scale battles with very high casualties that alarmed public opinion, while maneuvering ever closer to the Confederate capital, Richmond. Grant announced he would "fight it out on this line if it takes all summer." Lincoln supported his general and replaced his losses, and Lee's dwindling army was forced into defending trenches around Richmond and Petersburg. In April 1865 Grant's vastly larger army broke through, captured Richmond, and forced Lee to surrender at Appomattox. He has been described by J.F.C. Fuller as "the greatest general of his age and one of the greatest strategists of any age." His Vicksburg Campaign in particular has been scrutinized by military specialists around the world.

Translations

How to say "Ulysses S. Grant" in other languages:

	(Chinese)	尤里西斯·格兰特
	(Japanese)	ユリシーズ・S・グラント
	(German)	Ulysses S. Grant
	(Spanish)	Ulysses S. Grant
	(French)	Ulysses Simpson Grant
	(Italian)	Ulysses Simpson Grant

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Fort Henry, Tennessee

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Battle of Lookout Mountain

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Anson P. Morrill

Ulysses S. Grant...

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Army of the Tennessee

Union Army of the Tennessee was formed in October, 1862 and commanded by Ulysses S. Grant in the siege of Vicksburg. After Grant was promoted, William T. Sherman was given command. The Union Army of Tennessee was known as "Army of the Tennessee," while its Confederate counterpart was known as the...

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Battle of Fort Steadman

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General Grant tree

Ulysses S. Grant, American Civil War General and the 18th (1869-1877) President of the United States... General Grant tree from Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks The General Grant tree is the largest Giant Sequoia in the Grant Grove section of Kings Canyon National Park. President Calvin...

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Memoir

Rouvroy, duc de Saint-Simon Ulysses S. Grant...

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Battle of Fort Donelson

general Ulysses S. Grant advanced south along the Tennessee River with gunboats and more than 15,000... surrendered unconditionally. This was a major victory for Brig. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and a catastrophe...: Brig. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and Flag-Officer A.H. Foote [US]; Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd, Brig. Gen...

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Adelaide Kemble

General Ulysses S. Grant's daughter. This article incorporates text from the public domain 1911...

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Amos T. Akerman

Amos Tappan Akerman (February 23, 1821 - December 21, 1880) served as United States Attorney General under President Ulysses S. Grant from 1870-1872. Born in Bartow County, Georgia, Akerman was a... beginning of corruption that plagued Grant's administration. Preceded by : Ebenezer R. Hoar...

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